ifooth/devcontainer

DevContainer 全栈远程开发环境

基于https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-dev-containers%E6%9E%84%E5%BB%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%85%A8%E6%A0%88%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%EF%BC%8C%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90%E4%B8%B0%E5%AF%8C%E7%9A%84%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E3%80%81%E5%A4%9A%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81%E5%92%8C%E5%AE%9E%E7%94%A8%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%EF%BC%8C%E6%97%A8%E5%9C%A8%E4%B8%BA%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E8%80%85%E6%8F%90%E4%BE%9B%E5%BC%80%E7%AE%B1%E5%8D%B3%E7%94%A8%E7%9A%84%E9%AB%98%E6%95%88%E8%BF%9C%E7%A8%8B%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E4%BD%93%E9%AA%8C%E3%80%82

核心功能和特性

Shell

• zsh：功能强大的命令行解释器
• https://github.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh%EF%BC%9Azsh%E9%85%8D%E7%BD%AE%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6
• git：分布式版本控制系统
• https://github.com/junegunn/fzf%EF%BC%9A%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%A1%8C%E6%A8%A1%E7%B3%8A%E6%9F%A5%E6%89%BE%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7
• https://github.com/wting/autojump%EF%BC%9A%E6%99%BA%E8%83%BD%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95%E8%B7%B3%E8%BD%AC%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%EF%BC%8C%E7%AE%80%E5%8C%96%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%A1%8C%E5%AF%BC%E8%88%AA
• https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions%EF%BC%9A%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%BB%BA%E8%AE%AE%E6%8F%92%E4%BB%B6
• https://github.com/direnv/direnv%EF%BC%9A%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95%E7%BA%A7%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E5%8F%98%E9%87%8F%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7

Vim 插件

• https://github.com/scrooloose/nerdtree.git%EF%BC%9A%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E6%B5%8F%E8%A7%88%E5%99%A8
• https://github.com/kien/ctrlp.vim.git%EF%BC%9A%E6%A8%A1%E7%B3%8A%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E6%9F%A5%E6%89%BE%E6%8F%92%E4%BB%B6
• https://github.com/easymotion/vim-easymotion.git%EF%BC%9A%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%9F%E5%85%89%E6%A0%87%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E6%8F%92%E4%BB%B6
• https://github.com/rking/ag.vim.git%EF%BC%9A%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%8Eag%E7%9A%84%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2%E6%8F%92%E4%BB%B6
• https://github.com/vim-airline/vim-airline%EF%BC%9A%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81%E6%A0%8F%E7%BE%8E%E5%8C%96%E6%8F%92%E4%BB%B6
• https://github.com/vim-airline/vim-airline-themes%EF%BC%9A%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81%E6%A0%8F%E4%B8%BB%E9%A2%98%E9%9B%86%E5%90%88
• https://github.com/altercation/vim-colors-solarized.git%EF%BC%9ASolarized%E9%A2%9C%E8%89%B2%E4%B8%BB%E9%A2%98
• https://github.com/scrooloose/nerdcommenter%EF%BC%9A%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E6%B3%A8%E9%87%8A%E6%8F%92%E4%BB%B6

Python 支持

• https://github.com/pyenv/pyenv%EF%BC%9APython%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7

使用方法

shell
# 查看可用Python版本
pyenv versions
# 切换Python版本
export PYENV_VERSION=3.10

# 创建并激活虚拟环境（使用链接的主版本）
mkvirtualenv -p /opt/pyenv/versions/3.10/bin/python hello-world
workon hello-world

环境配置

.envrc 文件：

bash
layout virtualenvwrapper hello-world
unset PS1

.vscode/settings.json：

json
{
    "python.defaultInterpreterPath": "/root/.virtualenvs/hello-world/bin/python"
}

Golang 支持

• https://github.com/moovweb/gvm%EF%BC%9AGolang%E7%89%88%E6%9C%AC%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7

使用方法

shell
# 查看可用Golang版本
gvm list
# 切换Golang版本
gvm use go1.17

环境配置

.envrc 文件：

bash
layout gvm go1.17

.vscode/settings.json：

json
{
    "go.goroot": "/opt/gvm/gos/go1.17",
    "go.gopath": "/opt/gvm/pkgsets/go1.17/global"
}

Golang 私有模块设置

.vscode/settings.json：

json
{
    "go.goroot": "/opt/gvm/gos/go1.15",
    "go.gopath": "/opt/gvm/pkgsets/go1.15/global",
    "go.toolsEnvVars": {
        "GOPROXY": "https://athens-proxy.townsy.io,direct",
        "GOPRIVATE": "",
        "GONOSUMDB": "townsy.private-github.com"
    },
    "terminal.integrated.env.linux": {
        "GOPROXY": "https://athens-proxy.townsy.io,direct",
        "GOPRIVATE": "",
        "GONOSUMDB": "townsy.private-github.com"
    }
}

实用工具 (Utils)

• https://github.com/AlDanial/cloc%EF%BC%9A%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%EF%BC%8C%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81%E5%A4%9A%E7%A7%8D%E7%BC%96%E7%A8%8B%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80
• https://github.com/restic/restic%EF%BC%9A%E5%BF%AB%E9%80%9F%E3%80%81%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E3%80%81%E9%AB%98%E6%95%88%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%87%E4%BB%BD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F
• https://github.com/rclone/rclone%EF%BC%9A%E4%BA%91%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E5%90%8C%E6%AD%A5%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%EF%BC%88%E7%B1%BBrsync%EF%BC%89
• android-platform-tools：Android开发工具（adb、fastboot等）

配置 (Settings)

VSCode 扩展配置

json
{
    "remote.extensionKind": {
        "alefragnani.project-manager": ["workspace"]
    },
    "remote.SSH.defaultExtensions": [
        "ms-python.python",
        "ms-python.vscode-pylance",
        "golang.go",
        "TabNine.tabnine-vscode",
        "alefragnani.project-manager"
    ]
}

VSCode 远程SSH设置

~/.vscode-server/data/Machine/settings.json（使用链接的主版本）：

json
{
    "go.goroot": "/opt/gvm/gos/go1.17",
    "go.gopath": "/opt/gvm/pkgsets/go1.17/global",
    "go.toolsEnvVars": {
        "GOBIN": "/opt/go/bin"
    },
    "python.linting.flake8Path": "/usr/local/bin/flake8",
    "python.linting.flake8Args": ["--max-line-length=119"],
    "python.formatting.blackPath": "/usr/local/bin/black",
    "python.formatting.blackArgs": ["--line-length=119"],
    "python.sortImports.path": "/usr/local/bin/isort",
    "python.sortImports.args": ["--line-length=119"],
    "python.terminal.activateEnvironment": false,
    "git.ignoredRepositories": ["/opt/pyenv"],
    "projectManager.groupList": true,
    "projectManager.git.maxDepthRecursion": 4,
    "projectManager.git.baseFolders": ["/data/repos"]
}

提示与技巧 (Tips and Tricks)

Windows 远程SSH无法连接zsh

错误日志：

bash
zsh: bad math expression: operand expected at `*100000 + ...'

解决方案：启用useLocalServer

json
{
    "remote.SSH.useLocalServer": true
}

可能存在https://github.com/microsoft/vscode-remote-release/issues/2525%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98%EF%BC%8C%E5%8F%AF%E5%BF%BD%E7%95%A5%E3%80%82

使用场景和适用范围

适用于全栈远程开发场景，尤其适合需要Python、Golang多语言开发，依赖高效命令行工具和编辑器配置的开发者。可通过VSCode Remote SSH等方式连接，提供预置的开发环境配置。

Docker部署示例

基本运行

shell
docker run -it ifooth/devcontainer

结合VSCode Remote使用

1. 安装VSCode及Remote - SSH扩展
2. 通过SSH连接到运行该镜像的远程服务器
3. VSCode自动加载容器内的开发环境配置